UPSC CDS 1 2021 GK Previous Year Question Paper (General Knowledge) (Answer Key)

Ans. B.

The ‘basic needs’ approach introduced by the International Labour Organization’s World Employment Conference in 1976. According to ILO report, it indicates two crucial elements in the Basic Needs approach: “First, they include certain minimum requirements of a family for private consumption: adequate food, shelter and clothing, as well as certain household equipment and furniture. Second, they include essential services provided by and for the community at large, such as safe drinking water, sanitation, public transport and health, education and cultural facilities.” Hence the correct answer is option B.

Ans. A

Shifting Cultivation is known as Milpa in Central America & Mexico, Ray in Vietnam, Taungya In Myanmar, Tamrai in Thailand, Chena in Sri Lanka, Conuco in Venezuela, Roca in Brazil, Masole in central Africa and Ladang in Indonesia, Caingin in the Philippines. In India, Shifting Cultivation is known by various local names like ‘Jhum’ cultivation.

Ans. A.

The English philosopher John Locke created the philosophical school empiricism. John Locke wrote, “Democracy is a government based on law, that is created after long consideration by appropriate elected representatives of the people and proclaimed in a way, that all men can become acquainted with them.” hence the correct answer is option A.

Ans. C.

Legal positivism is a school of thought of analytical jurisprudence developed largely by legal philosophers during the 18th and 19th centuries, such as Jeremy Bentham and John Austin. While Bentham and John Austin developed legal positivist theory, empiricism provided the theoretical basis for such developments to occur. so here the correct answer is option C.

Ans. A.
Article 14: equality before the law, the state shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. The equality before the law is guaranteed to all without regard to race, colour, or nationality.
Article 15: Non-discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Article 16: Equality of opportunity in public employment, no citizen shall on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth,residence, or any of them, be ineligible for or discriminated against in
respect of any employment or office under the state.
Article 22: Safeguards against Arbitrary Arrest and Detention

It guarantees the right of every person who is arrested to be informed of the cause of his arrest; secondly, his right to consult and to be defended by a lawyer of his choice. Thirdly, every person arrested and detained in custody shall be produced before the nearest Magistrate within twentyfour hours and shall be kept in continued custody only with his authority.

Ans. B.

A casting vote is a vote that someone may exercise to resolve a deadlock or in the case of equality of votes. A casting vote is typically by the presiding officer of a council, legislative body, committee, etc., In some legislatures, a casting vote may be exercised however the presiding officer wishes, according to her party affiliation or according to her personal beliefs. So the option B is correct.

Ans. A.

The Government of India (GOI) set up a High-Powered Committee (HPC) in August 1999 and a National Committee after the Gujarat earthquake, for making recommendations on the preparation of Disaster Management plans and suggesting effective mitigation mechanisms. The Tenth FiveYear Plan document also had, for the first time, a detailed chapter on Disaster Management. The Twelfth Finance Commission was also mandated to review the financial arrangements for Disaster Management.

On 23 December 2005, the Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, which envisaged the creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister, and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) headed by respective Chief Ministers, to spearhead and implement a holistic and integrated approach to Disaster Management in India.

Ans. B.

The Regulating Act (1773) and William Pitt the Younger India Act (1784) established government control of political policy through a regulatory board for Parliament. The company then gradually lost commercial and political control. Its commercial monopoly was broken in 1813. In 1833, the jealously-protected monopoly of the East India Company was finally abolished and the China trade was opened to the competition of dozens of British companies, who had been petitioning the government, and from 1834 it was the only managing agency for the British Government of India. It was deprived of that role after the Indian Rebellion (1857), and it did not exist as a legal entity in 1873.

Ans. C.

British Indian Medical Service (IMS) organization began with the establishment of the Bengal Medical Service on 20 October 1763 after that by 1764 in both Madras and Bombay also. In Bengal, increasing military actions required the separation of Military Surgeons from Civil Surgeons. The first Indian to join the service was Soorjo Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty who entered the service on 24 January 1855 followed by Rajendra Chandra Chandra on 27 January 1858. The Medical Services of the Madras, Bengal and Bombay Presidencies were united after 1857. Hence the correct answer is option C.

Ans. D.

Three major systems of land revenue collection existed in India. They were – Zamindari, Ryotwari and Mahalwari. Where Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820. Mainly introduced in Madras,Bombay, parts of Assam and Coorg provinces of British India. according to this, the ownership rights were handed over to the peasants. British Government collected taxes directly from the peasants. The revenue rates of Ryotwari System were 50% where the lands were dry and 60% in irrigated land.

Ans. B.

A no-confidence motion can be passed against the entire council of ministers only.

As a parliamentary motion, it exhibits to the head of state that the elected parliament no longer has confidence in (i.e. one or more members of) the appointed government. In some nations, if a no-confidence motion is proceeded against an individual minister they have to resign along with the entire council of ministers.

A no-confidence motion, or a vote of no confidence, or no-confidence motion, is a vote or statement about whether a person in a position of responsibility (i.e. at government, managerial, etc.) is no longer deemed fit to hold that position, perhaps as they are inadequate in some aspect, are failing to accomplish obligations, or are making decisions that other members feel as being detrimental.

Ans. A.

The Vice President’s election is slightly different from that of the election of the President as the members of state legislatures are not involved in the electoral college but the nominated members of both the houses are part of the electoral college for the vice-presidential election.

• The Vice President holds office for a period of five years.
• He/She may be re-elected any number of times.
• Although the office may be terminated earlier by death, resignation/removal, the Constitution doesn’t provide a mechanism of succession to the Vice President’s Office in the event of an extraordinary vacancy, apart from re-election.
• Although the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha can perform the duties of Vice President as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha in such an event.

As in the President’s case, in order to be qualified to be elected as Vice President, a person must:

• Be a citizen of India
• Have completed more than thirty-five years of age
• Not hold any office of profit

Ans. C.

Fundamental Rights (FRs)are the social and political claims without which, a man cannot give his best to the society or can not realize his/her best self.

The Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 are available to all persons whether he/she is citizens or foreigners.

The Fundamental Rights guaranteed by Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30 are provided only to citizens of India.

Ans. A.

Elections to the Rajya Sabha are indirect; members those represents states are elected by elected members of legislative assemblies of the States comparatively with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote, STV, and those representing Union Territories are chosen in such manner as Parliament may by law prescribe.

Parliament has empowered by the Indian Constitution to prescribe the manner of selecting the representatives of the union territories in the Lok Sabha. It has passed the Union Territories (i.e. Direct Election to the House of the People) Act, which provides that Lok Sabha members from the Union Territories will be selected by direct elections.

The Indian Constitution provides that the Rajya Sabha shall comprise of 250 members, out of which 12 members shall be nominated by the President from amongst persons having specific knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters like literature, science, art and social service; and not greater than 238 representatives of the States and the Union Territories.

Some seats are reserved in Lok Sabha for the members of the Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes. According to the order issued by the Delimitation Commission in the year 2008, 412 are general, 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and another 47 seats for the Scheduled Tribes.

Ans. D.

Statement D is not correct as a person from outside the Parliament can be appointed a member of the Cabinet.

• Two articles, i.e., Article 74 & Article 75 of the Indian Constitution deals with the Council of Ministers. Where Article 74 mentions that the council will be headed by the PM of India and will aid and advise the President, Article 75 mentions the following things:
• They are appointed by the Indian President on the advice of Prime Minister.
• They along with the Indian Prime Minister form 15% of the total strength of the Lok Sabha. (The number cannot exceed 15%.)
• 91st Amendment Act provided for the disqualification of the minister when he stands disqualified as an MP, Member of Parliament.
• A Minister ceased to exist as one if he is not a member of either Parliament’s House for six consecutive months.
• The Parliament decides the salary & allowances of the council of ministers.

Ans. D.

Ans. B.

Ans. C.

The Transcription Service had started on 3rd April 1954 and entrusted with the major function of preparing transcription of speeches of all dignitaries with main focus on the Prime Ministers & Presidents of the country. This office has the following functional units –

• Central Archives o Programme Exchange Unit (PEU)
• Transcription Unit
• Refurbishing Unit
• Digital Sound Archives
• Commercial Release & Marketing

Ans. C.

All three, i.e., Atal Pension Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha BimaYojana are social security scheme (s).

Ans. B.
Different names of cyclones in Different countries

• West Indies & the coast of Florida. In these areas, tropical cyclones are known as Hurricanes.
  
• Philippine Islands, The coast of China & Japan. These are known as Typhoons.
  
• Bay of Bengal (in India) & the Arabian Sea, where these are known as Cyclones.
  
• North-east & North-western coast of Australia, these are known as Willy-Willies.
  
• USA & Mexico, these are known as Tornadoes.